15.Why are Proteins Called Building Blocks of the Body? What are the Biological Functions of Proteins?

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 15.Why are Proteins Called Building Blocks of the Body? What are the Biological Functions of Proteins?

Answers: 

 Proteins are called ‘building blocks’ of body because they are needed for growth and repair of our body.


Proteins are a class of macromolecules that serve various functions in the body. These range from digestion, transportation and structural functions to defense, storage and movement. We shall explore the important role of proteins in this article.

Function of Proteins (Classified by Types)

  • Digestive Enzymes

Certain proteins act as digestive enzymes. In other words, they catabolize nutrients into constituent monomeric units. Examples of digestive enzymes include pepsin and amylase.

  • Structural Proteins

Proteins are integral as they form components of certain structures. Examples include keratin and tubulin.

  • Hormonal Functions

Hormones are paramount for regulating body functions. Insulin is one such example.

  • Transportation

Proteins play a major role in transporting substances throughout the body. Examples of such proteins include haemoglobin

  • Defence and Protection

Another major function of proteins is that they form a part of the immune system and protect the body from pathogens. Example of such a protein is immunoglobulin.

  • Storage Functions

Proteins also provide nourishment for development of embryo – such as albumin, or the egg white.

Please note – enzymes and hormones are essentially types of proteins. Enzymes essentially function as catalysts for biochemical reactions. On the other hand, hormones serve as molecules for signalling and communication between cells.


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