9.Discuss the discovery of ATP synthase complex and its role in high-energy molecule production.

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 9.Discuss the discovery of ATP synthase complex and its role in high-energy molecule production.

answers: 

ATP SYNTHASE PATHWAY DISCOVERY: 


In 1997 the Nobel Prize in chemistry was awarded to Professor Paul D. Boyer, University of California, Los Angeles, USA, and Dr. John E. Walker, Medical Research Council Laboratory of Molecular Biology, Cambridge, United Kingdom for their elucidation of the mechanism of ATP synthase. With Dr. Nicholson and the IUBMB, we are proud to begin our metabolic pathways animation series with an interpretation of the ATP synthase molecular machine.


Electron transport chain:

  1. Electron Transport Chain is a series of compounds where it makes use of electrons from electron carriers to develop a chemical gradient.
  2. It could be used to power oxidative phosphorylation.
  3. The molecules present in the chain comprise enzymes that are protein complex or proteins, peptides, and much more.
  4. ATP synthase is the complex V of the electron transport chain.
  5. It catalyzes the synthesis of ATP from ADP and Pi by oxidative phosphorylation.

ATP synthase: ATP synthase is a mitochondrial enzyme located in the inner membrane, where it catalyzes the synthesis of ATP from ADP and phosphate, driven by an influx of protons through a gradient induced by the electron transfer of protons chemically. positive learning on the negative side.

Functions:

  1. ATP synthase is complex V of the electron transport chain
  2. ATP is produced mainly in mitochondria and is an important enzyme that provides energy for use by cells through the synthesis of adenosine triphosphate (ATP).

Structure:

ATP synthase contains two main components:

  1. F0 electric motor: A rotating motor powered by the flow of protons (in the form of hydrogen ions) through the inner mitochondrial membrane. It is called an electric motor because the accumulation of protons (positive charge) powers its motion. An ion pump is attached to F0 and pushes the proton across the mitochondrial membrane.
  2. F1 Chemo motor: A second rotating motor in the stroma (inside the inner mitochondrial membrane) and attached to F0 by a connector called the shaft. F1 produces ATP. In this way, the second engine becomes the generator. F1 is called a chemical engine because it converts chemical energy into mechanical energy to produce ATP.




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