What determines the structure and function of proteins?

-

 What determines the structure and function of proteins?

Solution:

Protein structure:

  1. Proteins are an important class of biological macromolecules that are the polymers of amino acids.
  2. The main application used to determine protein 3D structure such as X-ray crystallography and nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR).
  3. In X-ray crystallography, the protein is crystallized, and then using X-ray diffraction, the structure of the protein is determined.
  4. The primary structure of a protein is its amino acid sequence and it drives the folding and intramolecular binding of the linear amino acid chain.
  5. It ultimately determines the protein's unique three-dimensional shape.
  6. It consists of a linear sequence of amino acids in a peptide or protein.

Functions of proteins:

  1. Protein is essential in the maintenance of body tissue, including development and repair.
  2. Protein is the major source of energy.
  3. Protein is involved in the creation of some hormones, helps control body functions that involve the interaction of several organs, and helps regulate cell growth.
  4. The protein produces enzymes that increase the rate of chemical reactions in the body.
  5. Storing amino acids act as a nutrient and as a building block for the growing organism.

Comments

Post a Comment

Popular posts from this blog

11.Explain the relationship between electron transport and oxidative phosphorylation. What does ATP synthase look like, and how does it work?

-
Image
  11.Explain the relationship between electron transport and oxidative phosphorylation. What does ATP synthase look like, and how does it work? answer:  How is electron transport couple to oxidative phosphorylation? Reactions of the electron transport chain take place in the inner mitochondria membrane, and production of ATP in the mitochondria comes from oxidative phosphorylation [ADP is phosphorylated to give ATP] Proton gradient is created by the pumping of electrons and represents stored potential energy, and provides basis for a coupling mechanism.      “Oxidative phosphorylation is the process of ATP formation, when electrons are transferred by electron carriers from NADH or FADH2 to oxygen” What is Oxidative Phosphorylation? Oxidative phosphorylation is the final step in cellular respiration. It occurs in the mitochondria. It is linked to a process known as electron transport chain. The electron transport system is located in the inner mitochondrial membr...
Read more

2.Compare the functions of starch and glycogen with a note about their different linkages.

-
Image
  2.Compare the functions of starch and glycogen with a note about their different linkages. answers:  Difference between Starch, and Glycogen The table below shows the main differences between starch, cellulose and glycogen. Starch Glycogen It is a polymer of 𝜶-glucose subunits It is a polymer of 𝜶-glucose subunits It contains two types of polymers, amylose (unbranched and coiled) and amylopectin (branched) It is highly branched and similar to amylopectin The 𝜶-glucose subunits are joined by 1,4 glycosidic bonds in amylose and 1,4 and 1,6 glycosidic bonds in amylopectin The 𝜶-glucose subunits are joined by 1,4 and 1,6 glycosidic bonds Amylose is unbranched and amylopectin is branched It is highly branched It is the main storage carbohydrate in plants It is the main storage carbohydrate in animals and fungi Structure of Starch Starch is the main storage carbohydrate of plants. It is made up of 𝜶-glucose subunits. It contains two types of polymers, amylose and amylopectin....
Read more

1. Elaborate on the diversity of the root and shoot system of plants

-
Image
1. Elaborate on the diversity of the root and shoot system of plants answer: Introduction Plants are one of the most important living organisms on earth. They have huge benefits for both humans and animals. A plant is made up of numerous parts. Distinct parts serve different purposes. The shoot system refers to the portion of the plant that protrudes above ground level, whereas the root system refers to the portion buried beneath the soil. The essential parts of a plant are: Roots Stem Leaves Flowers Fruits The study of plant organ tissue and cellular structure is known as plant anatomy. Cells serve as the fundamental building block of plants. Cells are organised into tissues, which are then organised into organs. Plant organs differ from one another in terms of their internal structure. The monocots and dicots are also observed to have diverse anatomical structures within angiosperms. Internal structures also exhibit environmental adaptations. Anatomy of Root All vascular plants have ...
Read more