2. Tabulate any ten vocabularies used in Mendelian genetics with its definition and example.

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2. Tabulate any ten vocabularies used in Mendelian genetics with its definition and example.

answer :

Vocabulary Definition Example
Allele One of two or more versions of a gene A gene that controls flower color can have the alleles R (red) and W (white).
Dominant An allele that is expressed when present in a heterozygous individual The R allele is dominant, so an individual with the genotype Rr will have red flowers.
Recessive An allele that is only expressed when present in a homozygous individual The W allele is recessive, so an individual with the genotype WW will have white flowers.
Genotype The genetic makeup of an individual An individual with the genotype Rr has one copy of the R allele and one copy of the W allele.
Phenotype The physical or observable traits of an individual The phenotype of an individual with the genotype Rr is red flowers.
Homozygous Possessing two copies of the same allele for a gene An individual with the genotype RR is homozygous for the R allele.
Heterozygous Possessing two different alleles for a gene An individual with the genotype Rr is heterozygous for the R allele.
Monohybrid cross A cross between two individuals that differ by a single gene A cross between an individual with the genotype Rr and an individual with the genotype WW would be a monohybrid cross.
Dihybrid cross A cross between two individuals that differ by two genes A cross between an individual with the genotype RrYy and an individual with the genotype WWyy would be a dihybrid cross.

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